It is important to note that most cases do not require hospitalisation and antibiotics are used only for secondary bacterial infections
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HMPV virus explained: 10 key facts you need to know about this flu-like illness
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The Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has recently captured public attention, prompting concerns and questions about its potential impact.
Here are the key facts to understand this respiratory illness.
1. Nature of the VirusHMPV is not a new virus nor does it have an unprecedented health threat as a self-limiting respiratory virus. The virus is always present in the atmosphere.
2. Infection characteristicsThe virus has a low fatality rate and it primarily affects young children, elderly individuals or people with serious underlying illnesses.
3. Symptoms and their progressionThe virus doesn’t have specific symptoms, resembling other causes of the common cold or sore throat (pharyngitis). Typical symptoms follow a predictable 4-day pattern:Day 1: Severe symptomsDay 2: Moderate intensityDay 3: Mild conditionDay 4: Near-normal condition
4. Transmission and immunityHMPV spreads through respiratory droplets and mildly symptomatic carriers can transmit the virus. Immunity of affected individuals post-infection is weak and short-lived.
5. Government and medical responseMaharashtra has placed all medical colleges and state-run hospitals on alert regarding the spread of the HMPV virus, however, no panic measures or lockdowns are planned. Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in the states is to be issued soon.
6. Prevention strategiesRecommended precautions include:Covering mouth while coughing/sneezingFrequent hand washingUsing hand sanitizersAvoiding crowded spacesOptional mask-wearing during cold season
7. Treatment ApproachIt is important to note that most cases do not require hospitalisation and antibiotics are used only for secondary bacterial infections. A respiratory BioFire test (Rs 25,000 to Rs 30,000) is available for detailed diagnosis.
8. Comparison with COVID-19Significantly different from COVID-19The much lower risk profileNo pandemic potentialNo widespread public health emergency anticipated
9. Infant and child considerationsNewborns (0-8 months) are naturally protected by maternal immunity, whereas infants over nine months are relatively more vulnerable.
10. Expert recommendationsMedical professionals advise:Do not panicMonitor symptoms at homeSeek medical help if symptoms persist beyond 2-3 daysMaintain balanced nutritionAllow natural immune response
Key takeaway: HMPV is a manageable respiratory virus that requires a cautious but not panicked approach.
Pro Tip: Consult healthcare professionals for personalised medical advice.
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