Coffee and tea consumption may be linked to lower risks of developing head and neck cancer, including cancers of the mouth and throat, according to new research.
Head and neck cancer is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and rates are rising in developing countries. Many studies have probed whether drinking coffee or tea is associated with head and neck cancer but the results have been inconsistent, so investigators examined data from 14 studies by scientists associated with the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium, a collaboration of research groups around the globe.
Study participants completed questionnaires about their prior consumption of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea.
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Investigators pooled information on 9,548 patients with head and neck cancer and 15,783 controls without cancer and found that compared with non-coffee-drinkers, individuals who drank more than four cups of caffeinated coffee daily had 17% lower odds of having head and neck cancer overall, 30% lower odds of having cancer of the oral cavity, and 22% lower odds of having throat cancer. Drinking three to four cups of caffeinated coffee was linked with a 41% lower risk of having hypopharyngeal cancer, a type of cancer at the bottom of the throat.
Drinking decaffeinated coffee was associated with 25% lower odds of oral cavity cancer and drinking tea was linked with 29% lower odds of hypopharyngeal cancer. Also, drinking a cup of tea daily was linked with a 9% lower risk of head and neck cancer overall and a 27% lower risk of hypopharyngeal cancer, but drinking more than one cup was associated with 38% higher odds of laryngeal cancer.
Senior author Yuan-Chin Amy Lee, PhD, of Huntsman Cancer Institute and the University of Utah School of Medicine, said: “While there has been prior research on coffee and tea consumption and reduced risk of cancer, this study highlighted their varying effects with different sub-sites of head and neck cancer, including the observation that even decaffeinated coffee had some positive impact.”
“Coffee and tea habits are fairly complex, and these findings support the need for more data and further studies around the impact that coffee and tea can have on reducing cancer risk.”